Flow Cytometry Analysis: New frontiers in Allergy Testing

In recent years, due to rising temperatures associated with climate change, worsening pollution, the increased use of detergents and emulsifiers, and even high level of hygiene, there has been a noticeable increase in the number of people experiencing allergies.

An allergic reaction can appear as a “mild” ocular rhinitis or skin rash; however, in more severe cases, it can lead to bronchospasm, bronchial asthma, or even anaphylactic shock. Identifying the specific allergen triggering an allergic reaction is crucial, especially in cases of severe adverse reactions, in order to implement strategies to avoid exposure to that allergen.

Several tests are currently available to identify allergens. In addition to common first-level tests, such as skin tests and nasal cytology, second-level investigations are now accessible, including the specific IgE blood test and the Basophil Activation Test (BAT).

The BAT measures basophil cell activation in response to allergens through flow cytometry. Basophils are white blood cells that release histamine, the molecule responsible for allergic reactions.

The isolation of WBC from patients' blood for BAT cytometry analysis can be automated using HT4150L, HTA cell washer.

The basophil activation test is essential for identifying allergens with high specificity and has a significant impact on patients’ quality of life. For example, it can help determine safe medications to use in place of those prohibited due to high allergenic potential.

Find the in-depth coverage on this topic featured in the italian TV program "Le Iene".

The content of this post refers to a generic laboratory application and it does not refer to the use of medical devices.